Global risks between the United States and other countries, including trade wars and the weaponization of military actions, have widened gaps among nations, reshaping global cooperation and increasing uncertainty among nations. A. Global Risks The world has been changing drastically since the beginning of the first wave of globalization in 1870 (Vanham, 2019). In the current era of the fourth globalization—also known as Globalization 4.0—the international community has increa